Hypertension is the condition of the body in which the vessels are constantly experiencing high blood pressure: systolic blood pressure is equal or exceeding 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure equal to or exceeding 90 mm Hg.
The diagnosis of "hypertension" is made in cases where, according to pressure measurements made in two different days, the value of systolic pressure during both days equally or exceeds 140 mm RT. Art. And/or the value of diastolic pressure in both days equally or exceeds 90 mm Hg. Art.
The danger of this condition lies at the risk of damage to the heart or blood vessels in other organs, such as the brain and kidneys.
Important: Hypertension is the most importantPreventiveThe cause of the heart and stroke disease all over the world
Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to a heart attack, an increase in the heart and ultimately to heart failure. Expansion (aneurysms) can develop in blood vessels and vulnerable sites in which the blood vessels are more discolored to be clogged and torn. Pressure in the blood vessels can lead to bleeding in the brain and the development of stroke. Hypertension can also lead to renal failure, blindness and cognitive impairment.
Hypertension is called "quiet killer". Most patients with hypertension do not even suspect the problem, as hypertension often does not give anxiety signals and asymptomatic receipts.
We invite everyone to use the medical program to evaluate the condition of your cardiovascular system and to receive advice from all necessary specialists.
Risk factors for the development of hypertension
Stress, mental and mental fatigue
Studies have shown that hypertension more often people become ill, whose vital activity is associated with constant nervous surge. For example, in residents of large metropolitan areas, hypertension is much more common than in people living in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are inextricably linked, therefore it is necessary to treat both diseases.
Every fourth man and every fifth woman in the world, blood pressure rises
Studies have shown that hypertension more often people become ill, whose vital activity is associated with constant nervous surge. For example, in residents of large metropolitan areas, hypertension is much more common than in people living in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are inextricably linked, therefore it is necessary to treat both diseases.Complications of hypertension are the cause of 9, 4 million years of death in the world (WHO)
Hypodynamia
Hypodynamia is a reduction in muscle load due to a sedentary lifestyle. The modern resident of the city is not involved in physical labor, prefers to use vehicles even at short distances instead of walking, and spends free time on a computer or TV. Only 1 % deal with entertainment sports and 5 % of morning gymnastics.
As a result, such a lifestyle leads to significant changes in all systems for maintaining the life of the body, especially cardiovascular and nervous.
The combination of hypodynamia and stress makes a person extremely vulnerable to hypertension and his complications. The adrenaline produced during stress stimulates the production of glucocorticoids, which in turn stimulates the increase in blood sugar and the increase in blood pressure.
In an immobilized organism, adrenaline and sugar, instead of "burning" with the release of energy, remain in the blood vessels for a long time and lead not only to a long increase in pressure, but also to a heart attack and stroke.
Overweight
To determine if there is excess weight or not, they use the body mass index. It is calculated as a body weight ratio in kilograms to a square of growth of meters. If the result exceeds 25 kg/sq. m for young and 27 kg/sq. m in the elderly, but does not exceed 30 kg/sq. m, this means that it is overweight. If the index indicator is over 30 kg/sq. m, then in this case we are talking about clinically expressed obesity.
More than half of patients with hypertension suffer from obesity.
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that shows the accumulation of excessive amounts of fat in adipose tissue.
Numerous scientific studies have shown that reducing excess fat by 5-10% leads to a decrease in increased blood pressure and improving the control of the disease.
Loss every 5 kg excess weight can help reduce systolic blood pressure by 2-10 points.
Other risk factors
Unhealthy diet - excessive consumption of salt, significant content of saturated fat and trans fat in food, insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits. As well as the use of tobacco and alcohol.
Increased risk factors that are not controlled include hereditary predisposition, age and concomitant diseases such as diabetes or kidney disease.
Hypertension
Every adult must control their blood pressure. In case of increased pressure, you should consult a doctor.
Less than one fifth hypertension control their condition
People with high blood pressure who also have high blood sugar, high blood cholesterol or kidney problems increase in the risk of heart attack and stroke. Therefore, it is important to regularly check your blood sugar level, blood cholesterol and protein levels in the urine.
To minimize the risk of high blood pressure and its adverse effects, anyone can take a number of specific steps:
Mental balance
Soul Well -Being and the positive emotional state are indispensable conditions for maintaining health. What is especially important for patients with hypertension or predisposes to its development, since the disease is directly related to an inadequate stress reaction.
You need to learn how to manage stress in such health ways as meditation, different types of psychotherapy and positive social contacts.
Cardiology Center experts: neurologists, psychotherapists, cardiologists will make comprehensive recommendations and learn to face stress.
Walking in a fairytale forest around the sanatorium and outdoor activities will give you a good pay of energy. Getting to know the local attractions will give you a spiritual balance.
Physical activity
The second component of hypertension prevention is sufficient motor activity, without which we all suffer from the manifestations of hypody to varying degrees.
It will be optimal for a resident of the city to walk every day for at least 1 hour in the conditions of the Forest Park area.
In the cardiology sanitary center, under the program, dosage walking, methane therapy in the gym, the aquaerob group in the pool is conducted as part of the program and there are competitions based on the city.
Patients with already showing the disease should be involved in physiotherapy exercises.
It is necessary to stick to the regime of rational alternation of labor and rest. Any type of fatigue should not be allowed, both mentally and physically.
A healthy physiological sleep is of great importance, whereby the body rests from all loads. Patients in the initial stage of hypertension should sleep at least 8-9 hours a day.Diet
When preventing hypertension, proper nutrition or diet with clinically expressed forms of the disease, it is of great importance.
Carbohydrates
Here you have to give preference to vegetables and fruits as this will allow you to get enough fiber, vitamins and minerals.
Squirrels
When choosing proteins, you should refuse or limit meat products for the benefit of dairy and vegetables.
Fat
The total fat intake should be reduced. Try to replace animal fats with vegetables, and more fish should be among animal fats.
The medicine for patients with hypertension can be a diet with a restriction of dining salt. No more than 5 g (slightly less than one teaspoon) are allowed a day, which greatly facilitates control over blood pressure levels.
Maintain normal weight
Reducing being overweight or treating obesity is the main factor that can lead to satisfactory control of blood pressure and even in some cases give up the correction of the drug of the latter.
An effective means of normalizing weight is diet therapy and various types of physical activity.
Rejection of bad habits
If a person is inclined to drink alcohol in large doses, it smokes, then the risk of hypertension increases many times.
Alcohol intake promotes the spasm of peripheral vessels and increased pressure due to the growth of vascular resistance.
After smoking, cholesterol levels increase, which is due to the intake of a large amount of adrenaline and norepinephrine from the adrenal glands. There is even such a medical term - nicotine hypertension.
Physical methods to prevent the development and exacerbations of hypertension
Hydrotherapy
Water water (hydrotherapy) is a powerful remedy for healing, prevention and treatment of hypertension. Water can affect the body as a temperature, mechanical or chemical stimulus, and the choice depends on the need for a particular exposure factor.
The temperature factor is the most important when choosing hydrotherapy. The skin capillaries expand and narrow in response to the effects of water at different temperatures. In this case, there is either an increase in blood flow or its decrease. Cold water also leads to slowing and increased cardiac contractions and increases blood pressure. Hot water reduces pressure, accelerates heart rate and weakens heart contractions
Most often, to prevent exacerbation of hypertension, the water at indifferent temperature is used, which is indicated for excessive nervous excitability, irritability, heart disorders, insomnia.
Stage III hypertension hypertension procedures are contraindicated.
You should consult a doctor before using water procedures as a treatment.
For hypertension in stages I-II, rain, dust and circular shower are used with the help of water indifferent or warm with moderate water jet pressure.
Baths can be common and local, for hypertension, they are used for therapeutic and preventative purposes. Hypertension medicinal baths are limited to the use of coniferous extract.
Electrophoresis of the drug
This is the use of galvanic current for the purposes of intostatic non -invasive administration of various drugs. Under the influence of galvanic current, drug ions enter the skin and slow down under the area of the anode, which creates a type of healing depot. The drug enters the blood quite slowly, which increases the duration of its effect on the body. The body also affects the positive effects of galvanic current.
Electrophoresis is shown in the initial stages of hypertension. In Stage III is contraindicated. Contraindications are neoplasms, acute inflammatory processes of any localization, impaired blood coagulation processes, pronounced atherosclerosis, decompensated diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, pregnancy, individual intolerance to galvanic current.
Specialized centers use different types of physiotherapy under the control of specialists.
Medical Physical Education (Exercise Therapy)
Media physical education is used at all stages of hypertension to prevent hypertensive crises and complications of the disease. It includes all accessible types of exercise - dosage walks, morning gymnastics, terrorist and swimming.
"Exercise can replace many medicines, but no medicine in the world can replace exercise"
The best way to prevent is the morning gymnastics or charging, which allows you to prepare the body for the day of labor, stimulates the processes of nervous regulation of blood circulation and reactivity of the vascular system as a whole.
If the disease has already developed, then you should add a daily complex of therapeutic gymnastics to morning gymnastics.
The centers conduct individual and group classes physiotherapy exercises under the guidance of professional exercise instructors.
Drug therapy
The choice of medicines for the treatment and prevention of hypertension exacerbation should only be done by a doctor.
Drug therapy is already necessary at the second stage of the disease, when blood pressure reaches significant indicators with regular measurement.
The basic principle isindividualSelection of antihypertensive drugs for each patient.
Dear readers, articles are introduced. You should consult a doctor before applying for recommendations.